Home Health Care History
The early nineteenth century witnessed the initial stages of the home health care industry that offered qualified nurses to take care of the poor and sick in their homes. In 1909 when Metropolitan Life Insurance Company started to write policies that comprised of home health care, this industry became very popular. This company is credited for paying the first compensation for home health care industry. This gave rise to the birth of organized home health care.The Great Depression in 1929 caused several businesses along with home care industry a lot of hindrances and struggle. This went on till the follow-up visits made by nurses after hospital discharge became reimbursable by the Medicare Act of 1966. The home care industry became most feasible and practical when Medicare in an attempt to reduce hospitalization costs set up DRG’s program (Diagnostic Related Group). This laid down that some disease or hospital practice needed a certain stay period. So the discharged patients were more sick compared to their DRG counterparts.The story does not finish with DRGs. This in fact was the commencement of patient care vs. medical ethics debate. This subject shall be soon addressed in the present health care reform segment. The price of health care is the issue. Questions like how much does a human life cost and how long one should pay for keeping alive a person after he ceases to be a contributor to the society need to be addressed.Home health care industry needs to answer these questions. The main intention of the DRG programs was to cut down the hospital stay in order to lower hospitalization costs. Thus this becomes a challenge to the agencies. But gradually home care started becoming expensive. The Balanced Budge Act of 1997 hand one major side effect. It limited the benefit days to the patients under home health care thereby lowering the compensations to the various home health care agencies. This resulted in many of these agencies going out of business.The price to take care of a patient will always stay an issue. There was a growth of nosocomial diseases in hospitals that lead to heavy health care costs. Patients started getting discharged in a much sicker condition than before. This put additional burden on the family of the patient to make available good care once the family member is home. Also majority of the people were working. Home health care agencies that provide services were unable to discharge patients when they exceed their Medicare days if they are in a bad condition or its not safe to depart from them without any nursing services.In case the home care agency declines admission of a patient who seems sicker than the number of reimbursement days allowed by the government, the patients’ family does not have too many choices. In case of the patient being discharged without any adequate follow-up care, the patients’ family can seek services of a qualified agency that could strain on emergency room visits and re-hospitalization leading to more compensation issues. Such questions are difficult to answer more so in cases where cost is to be taken care of. But, as time passes, such questions will continue to haunt till there are satisfactory answers to them.
Outdoor Education Camps With Programs
Summer camps are special camps arranged for people to enjoy their vacation or tour in any adventures. Summer camps comes up with special offers outdoor education camp, leadership camp, science camp, awareness camp and many other social welfare schemes are offered to the public for reasonable prices. Outdoor education forms major part of the education and it is more required for people. Outdoor education is considered has important and essential requirement for most of the people and they fetches more demand among the people. Outdoor education is created and offered specially for kids, children and adults.The main purpose of estimating and offering outdoor education is to develop self confidence and self esteem among the people. The outdoor education activities, outdoor education courses, outdoor education programs are offered to kids, children, adults by outdoor education schools or outdoor education centers. Outdoor education camps are conducted either inside or outside classrooms. Outdoor education forms major part of the education system and it is more important to be known by the people to come up with every possibility in life. Most of the parents feels better that their children should be aware of outdoor education programs offered and they should compete with outside world.Outdoor education activities or outdoor education courses are provided by more number of outdoor institutes or adventure outdoor schools. An outdoor education course, outdoor education programs initiates cooperation, coordination, team building, goal settings and spirituality among the students and others. Outdoor education camps are provided by more number of outdoor education institutes or outdoor education schools for reasonable and affordable prices. The outdoor education camp provided will be more worth and valuable for the students who obtains and they are provided under complete knowledge and experience.Generally, adventure outdoor school or outdoor education schools provides outdoor education activities, outdoor education courses, outdoor education programs to kids, children and adults under prescheduled, guidance and procedures. With regards to qualified, professional and expert outdoor education instructor, outdoor education programs will be offered. Under proper guidance and precautions, outdoor educations will be offered to the people to enable them to know the required outdoor education provided. More number of kids, children and adults are obtaining the outdoor education programs offered.The outdoor education professionals, experts or instructors guide the kids, children and adults in efficient manner. Generally, outdoor education programs and outdoor education courses are offered to students based on age group, duration of course offered and kind of outdoor education program selected. The outdoor education camp offered will be creative, enthusiastic, innovative and technical appraisement for the students hindering. Outdoor camps will be offered to the students for reasonable price consideration and they are offered by more number of adventure outdoor schools.
Is an FHA Loan Right For Me?
Government sponsored loan programs, such as FHA loans, have been getting a lot of press lately. But, how does an FHA loan differ from a conventional loan? What are the advantages of each?FHAThe Federal Housing Authority (FHA) was created in 1934 to help potential homeowners gain access to money to boost homeownership rates throughout the United States. FHA loan programs require very little money down on a new purchase (usually only 3% of the purchase price) and will lend up to 95% of the value of a home on a cash out refinance. This high loan-to-value ratio is the primary appeal of an FHA transaction.The FHA is not a lender and does not actually make or guarantee home loans. They insure the loans an online mortgage lender can assist you in obtaining.FHA currently only offers three loan programs:30 year fixed15 year fixed5 year fixed ARMFHA Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP)Every FHA loan requires Mortgage Insurance Premiums (MIP) regardless of the down payment amount or loan to value. In addition, FHA loans require Up-front Mortgage Insurance Premiums (UFMIP). The UFMIP can be financed into the loan.Up-front Mortgage Insurance Premium (UFMIP)UFMIP is calculated at 1.50% of the base loan amount on all loans, regardless of the down payment amount. This insurance protects the lender against losses in the event that the borrower defaults on the loan.**The entire amount of the UFMIP can be financed into the loan amount!**For example:If the FHA loan amount is $100,000 (base loan amount)
The mortgage insurance premium would be $1,500 ($100,000 x 1.50%)
The mortgage amount including MIP would be $101,500 ($100,000 + $1,500)What really happens during an FHA mortgage transaction is that the borrower owes FHA a lump sum mortgage insurance premium. The lender making the FHA loan will actually lend the money for the premium to the borrower and send the money to FHA so that the mortgage will be insured.Monthly Mortgage Insurance PremiumIn addition to the UFMIP, there may be a monthly premium due as well. The monthly premium is .50% of the base loan amount.On a 30 year fixed loan, the monthly payment would be calculated as follows:$100,000 x .50% = $500.00 / 12 months = $41.67 per monthMaximum Loan AmountFHA also has maximum loan amount restrictions that differ from county to county. Go to entp.hud.gov/idapp/html/hicostlook.cfm to view the maximum loan amount in your area.Conventional loansThere are two types of conventional loans: conforming and jumbo.Conforming loansA conforming loan requires a loan amount of $417,000 or less. Conforming loans offer a larger variety of loan programs than FHA with a wide array of lending options. A conforming loan generally requires a larger down payment for a purchase (usually at least 5%) and has more restrictive guidelines on getting cash out of the property for a refinance.The big advantage of conforming loans is that they do not require Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) if the loan amount of the new first mortgage is 80% or less of the value of the home. The elimination of PMI can offer a significant savings over the life of the loan.Additionally, conforming loans offer interest only options. FHA currently does not allow interest only payments.The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 temporarily expanded the conforming loan limits through 12/31/2008 to as high as $729,750 in an attempt to shore up the slumping housing market. The new conforming loan limits are based on 125% of a city’s median home price. Go to entp.hud.gov/idapp/html/hicostlook.cfm to find the temporary conforming loan limit in your area.Jumbo loansA jumbo loan is any loan amount over $417,000. Jumbo loans generally have slightly tighter lending standards and may require an additional down payment of at least 10% of the purchase price. Jumbo loan programs are as diverse as conforming loan programs and also do not require PMI if the loan amount is less than 80% of the value of the home.SummarySo, to summarize, it is really all about loan-to-value. If you plan on putting down a small down payment, than an FHA loan is most likely your best bet. But, if you are putting down a larger down payment, a conventional loan may be the way to go.